Scroll Compressors

Scroll compressors are low- or medium-capacity volumetric compression units. They are considered to be among the most high-tech of their kind, and 35 years ago there were only a few manufacturers of such equipment in the world.

A scroll compressor requires a high production culture – minimal errors allow to exclude jamming and equipment failure during operation when the metal is heated and expanded. Dalgakiran engineers successfully solved these problems when creating the scroll compressor.

How a scroll compressor works

The housing contains a working unit equipped with a pair of spirals. One remains stationary (it has a central hole through which a stream of compressed air passes), while the other makes constant cyclic movements. Parallel axes are installed with an offset corresponding to the eccentricity of the shaft, creating the movement of the moving spiral. The speed of rotation of the shaft is created by an electric motor (using a belt or clutch).

The installed anti-rotation system (a special clutch, a special gear mechanism) prevents the second moving spiral from rotating. These movements resemble oscillations. Since the moving spiral moves in a certain orbit, the movements are called orbital.

The unusual trajectory creates special closed cavities between the spirals, which are sickle-shaped. As you move toward the center, the volume of the cavities decreases, creating an increasing pressure.

There are several types of cavities at a given time:

• suction;
• intermediate – the working medium passes into the hole.

Work cycles:

• suction;
• compressive;
• worker.

The air is sucked in and compressed simultaneously. To ensure smooth operation of the unit, sickle-shaped areas filled with gas are located at different compression cycles. Of course, this design with a fixed and moving scroll is not the only one. There are designs equipped with two scrolls (both movable). Modified products have four coils:

• immovable – 2;
• mobile – 2.

Both scrolls are located on an eccentric axis. To control the performance of the device, the scroll compressor is equipped with a frequency converter capable of changing the shaft speed. Adjustment can be made by changing the location of the scrolls.

A special hermetic device prevents air from entering, eliminating gas compression losses. An important advantage of the compressor working unit is the absence of valves (for suction and discharge).

The working medium is in motion, passing from the compression cavities in the suction cavity – from a high pressure area to a lower pressure area. Due to the impact on performance, the compression process due to gas-dynamic losses can be considered non-adiabatic.

Types of scroll compressors

Depending on the location of the shaft, compressors are divided into two types:

• vertical;
• horizontal.

Depending on the number of stages, compressors are divided into three types:

• single-stage;
• two-stage;
• multi-stage.

Where scroll compressors are used

These devices are used in many industries. The largest market niche for scroll compressors is refrigeration and air conditioning equipment. They are widely used in industrial refrigeration units such as chillers and heat pumps. This is due to their ability to operate in a wide temperature range. This type of compressor can be found in household air conditioners and refrigerators.

In the industrial sector, scroll air compressors are widely used in textile and chemical production, in the pneumatic systems of large enterprises, and in production lines in the food industry and tobacco factories.

They are used in the pharmaceutical and medical industries. They are used where clean compressed air is required and oil-filled units cannot be used.

In some cases, the low noise level, light weight and compactness allow them to replace reciprocating and screw compressors in their traditional applications. Based on the technical requirements of customers and the specifics of compressed air application, the specialists of Dalgakiran Compressor Ukraine offer the most optimal solution using screw, centrifugal, reciprocating and scroll compressor equipment.